Wheeled scraper



March 25, 1947. R. s. HOAR WHEELED SCRAPER Filed Jan. 1'1, 1944 3Sheets-Sheet l 0 m ffiwma/n 70M: BY I A IN V EN TOR.

ATTORNEYS.

March25,1947. R. s. HOAR' 2,417,822

'WHEELED scRAPER Filed Jan. 17, 1944 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

IN V EN TOR.

I 7 firm 14am foa BY ATTORNEW.

March 25, 1947. 5, HOAR 2,417,822

WHEELED SCRAPER Filed Jan. 17, 1944 s Sheets-Sheet 3- IN V EN TOR.

' ATZERMS'YS.

Patented Mar. 25, 1947 U-ET WHEELED SCRAPER Application January 17,1944, Serial No. 518,503

8 Claims. 1

My invention relates to new and useful improvements in wheeled scrapersof the general type shown and described in U. '3. Patent No. 2,152,899,granted April 4, 1939. to Earl B. Maloon, to which patent reference ishereby made, inasmuch as this present invention represents animprovement thereon. Reference is also made to my copending U. S. PatentNo. 2,387,263, granted October 23,1945.

In scrapers of the general type covered by those two patents the bowlfillsand dumps at its front end.

The main frame of such a scraper is pivoted at either its front end orrear end to a wheeled truck, and the digging and spreading depth isdetermined by-raising or lowering the other end with respect to a secondtruck. This is the first operating function.

In Maloon and in one of the variants of'this present invention, thepivoting is at the front end, and the raising and lowering takes placeat the rear end; but this, although advantageous, is notessential-witness the variant of Figures 5, 6, '7 and '8 hereof.

The digging blade is carried rigid with the main frame, though this isnot essential.

Adjacent the digging blade is pivoted a dirtextruding curved member,variously termed. For conformity with the nomenclature of the Maloonpatent, it will be called a bowl in my specification; although in myclaims, to avoid any implication that this member is necessarilybowlshaped, I'shall call it a dumping element. Swing this bowl upward todump is the second function.

Returning it to load-carrying position is the third function.

There is also a front closure, known as the 'apron. Opening this apron(when digging or dumping), and closing it again for carrying, is thefourth function.

Maloon has two'controls (ropes), one of which "performs the'firstfunction namely depth-control), and the other of which'successivelyperforms the fourth function (apron opening) and 'the second function(dumping). For the third function (bowl return), Maloon depends on grav-.ity,'a1though in another patent (No. 2,198,916, granted April 30,1940), he performs this function by.a kick-back cam, actuated by thefall of the apron.

L'It isthe principal'object .of my present invention to employ two:controls, one of which perlformstheflrst function (depth control) and.the

other of which performs'the'second function (dumping) and to'provideactuating connections between bowl, main frame and apron, whereby eitherthe forward motion of the bowl to dump, or the lowering of the diggingedge,'will perform thefourth function (apron opening).

A further object of my present invention is-to utilize one of theseactuating connections to perform the third function (bowl return) thusconstituting an improvement over the apparently somewhat similar bowlreturn means of'UI SL'Patent No."2,304,0'76, grantedDecember 8, 1942, toTrevor 0. Davidson and myself.

In addition to my principal objects, above stated, I have worked out anumber of novel and useful details, which will be readily evident as'the description progresses.

My invention consists in'the novelpartsand in the combination andarrangement thereof, which are defined in the appended claims, and'ofawhich two embodiments are exemplified intheaccompanyin drawings,which'are hereinafter particularly described and explained.

Throughout the description, the'same reference number is applied to thesame'member or tosimilar members.

Figures 1,2 and 3 are vertical longitudinal sections of one form of myscraper, in diggingcarrying, and dumping positions respectively.

Figure 4 is a plan view of this variant.

Figures 5, 6, 7 aud t are corresponding views of a second variant.

Figure 9 is a slightly enlarged plan viewof a slack-take-up deviceemployed by me incertain of my control ropes.

Referring now to Figures'l to'4, we see that the implement to which Ihave applied my invention, includes a forward truckZ and a rear truck22, supported respectively on two forward wheels 23, and four rearwheels'2- i. In'my claims I shall refer to the forward wheels as theforward ground support, and to the rear wheels as the rear groundsupport, without intendingthereby to be limited to wheels as a means ofground support. The forward truck 2i is rigidly secured to two sideplates 25, preferably having substantially the outline indicated in'Figures 'l'to 4. Rigidly secured to the side plates 25, I provide atransverse lower beamil, and an upper'beam'Gl, which latter beam may ifdesired be made of lighter construction than the lower beam. Projectingrearwardly from beams 39 and3l are sheave-supporting brackets Bil.

These parts'constitute parts of theframe' of the implement, and inaccordance with the invention they are connectedtogether insuch away asto enable the shoe 26, which is located forward of the bowl 21, to beraised or lowered at will with respect to the ground level. In order toaccomplish this, the rear truck 22 is preferably provided with rigidlyforwardly projecting side arms 28 that extend forwardly to a point aboutmidway between the two trucks, at which point the arms 28 are connectedby pivot pins 29 to the side plates 25. These plates and rigidlyassociated parts constitute my main dirt container, and will be socalled in the claims, although it is evident that this containerrequires the cooperation of the bowl and apron (to be hereinafterdescribed), in order to contain dirt.

The shoe 26 is preferably rigidly secured at its ends to the side plates25. and preferably includes an inclined blade 32 that cuts into theearth when the bowl 21 is being filled. Adjacent the shoe and preferablyat its rear edge, the bowl 21 is pivotally mounted on a transverse pivotbar 33.

The rear end of the bottom plate 34 of the bowl 21 s preferably bentupwardly to form an integral dished rear head 35 for the bowl.

. When the bowl 21 is in the position of rest as indicated in Figures 1and 2, the stop bracket 36, carried by the rear end of the bowl. restsagainst a bumper block 1!) on the upper side of the lower beam 30. andthis lim ts the downward movement of the rear end of the bowl.

To catch some of the dirt during digging, to hold the dirt in the bowl21 and between the side plates 25 during carrying, and to assist in thedischarge of the d rt during dumpin I employ an apron 31, pivotallysupported on plates 25 by pivot pins 39. I

In this particular variant of my invention, I employ two control ropes.the reev ng of which will nowbe described, still with reference toFigures 1 to 4.

Rope 40 controls the first listed function, namely depth-control. Itpasses, from a winch (not shown, preferably mounted on the tractor whichpulls my scraper). under one of fairlead sheaves 4|, over one offairlead sheaves 42. over oneof sheaves 43. and several times aroundsheaves 44,

on the rear truck 22. and sheaves 45 on the brackets 80. Thence itpasses to an anchorage 46 adjacent either sheaves 44 or sheaves 45; asshown, it is adjacent the latter. Drawin -in on th s rope 4" drawssheaves 44 and 45 together. as shown in Figures 2 and 3, thus raisingthe diggin blade 32.

Hope 41 controls the second listed function, namely dum ing. It passes.from the winch (not shown). under one of fairlead sheaves 4|, over oneof fairlead sheaves 42, over one of sheaves 43,

around sheave 48 on the top of the bowl 21, and back to an anchora 49adiacent sheaves 43. Draw n -in on this rope 41 draws sheaves 43 and 48together. thus tilting the bowl 21 from its carrying position as shownin Figures 1 and 2, to its dumpin position as shown in Figure 3.

Rope 50 s one of the two actuating connections which control the fourthfunction, namely apron opening. It passes, from an anchorage on theapron 31. over a grooved direction-changing cam 52 on said apron, thenceover one of the sheaves 43, thence around one of sheaves 44. to ananchorage 53 on the rear top ofthe bowl 21. The result of this reevingis that whenever the bowl 21 is tilted-forward to dump (thus wideningthe gap between sheaves 44 and anchorage 53), the tension thus impartedto rope 50 will raise the apron 31, as shown in Figure 3.

A by-produet of this rope 50 is that the weight of apron 31, acting onthat reach of rope 50 which is dead-ended to the apron at 5|, will causethe tension in the reach which extends from sheaves 44 to anchorage 53,to tend to return the bowl to its dirt-receiving position after dumping.In this respect it acts somewhat similarly to the kick-back cam of thesecond Maloon patent already alluded to herein,

The second actuating connection is as follows. Along each side of myscraper extends a bar 8|, pivoted to the rear truck 22 at 82, andsliding on roller 83, depending from front truck 2|. In my claims, Ishall generically refer to roller 83 as a slide. Apron 31 has on eachside a hooked bracket 84, overhanging side plate 25, and carlying aroller 85, which engages bar 8|.

When the blade 32 is lowered into the digging position shown in Figure1, by the slackening of rope 40, the engagement of rollers 35 with bars8|, opens the apron 31, slightly, as shown in Figure 1.

If desired to vary the extent of opening, to suit digging differentclasses of material, either rollers 83 or rollers 85 could be madeadjustable in any obvious manner.

It should be noticed that neither interlock interferes with the other,nor do they cooperate under any given set of circumstances.

Let us now consider my second variant, namely that of Figures 5 to 8.

This present variant is similar to my first variant, namely that ofFigures 1 to 4, except that in this present variant the main bowl pivotsabout the rear wheels rather than about the front wheels. 1

Side plates 25' are built integral with rear truck 22. Arms 12 extendrearwardiy from front truck 2!, to pivots 13 on the side plates.

Rope 14 performs the functions of rope 40 of the first variant. Itpasses, from a winch (not shown, preferably mounted on the tractor whichpulls my scraper), under one of the fairlead sheaves 4|, over one of thefairlead sheaves 42, several times around sheaves 43 on the front truck2! and sheaves 15 at the front end of side plates 25', to an anchorage.

Rope 16 performs the functions of rope 50 of the first variant. Itpasses from an anchorage 5| on the apron 31 over a grooveddirectionchanging cam 52 on said apron, thence over one of sheaves 43,thence over sheave 44 to an anchorage 11 on the rear of bowl 21.

Rope 41 and its associated sheaves and anchorages remain unchanged. Butin this variant, roller 85 bears on arm 12.

We come now to my slack-take-up device of ure 9.

Rope 50 of the variant of Figures 1 to 4, and rop 16 of the variant ofFigures 5 to 8, are fixedlength ropes. Accordingly, were it not for thefurther feature which I am about to describe, considerable slack wouldbe introduced into these respective ropes in Figures 1 and 5. While notfatal to operativeness, the presence of this slack would be undesirablefor various reasons. Accordingly, optionally, I propose to insert in agap of each of these two ropes some sort of slacktake-up device, such(for example, but not necessarily) as that shown in Figure 9, and whichwill now be described. 7 I

Each severed end of the rope 53 is shown attached to the loop of aU-bolt 8!], the feet of each U-bolt being attached to a plate 8! whichslides on the other U-bolt. Surrounding the two U-bolts 8D, which-servesas a core for it, and

'5 constrained at its ends by the plates 8 I, is a spiral compressionspring 82.

This spring is just merely strong enough to expand to take up slack inthe rope 50 (or 16). When any real tension is put into rope 503, as inFigures 2 and 3, or into rope 16, as in Figures 6 and 7, the spring 82contracts to its limit, and thereafter the rope in question acts as atension unit, as though this take-up device were not in it.

I-laving now described and illustrated two forms of my invention, I wishit to be understood that my invention is not to be limited to thespecific form or arrangement of parts herein described and shown, exceptinsofar as required by limitations in my claims.

I claim:

1. In a scraper, having: front and rear ground supports; a main dirtcontainer, pivotally supported at one end on a horizontal axis by one ofthese ground supports, and by the other ground support in such mannerthat its free end may be raised and lowered with respect to said otherground support; a transverse digging blade, carried by the main dirtcontainer; a dumping element, carried by-the main dirt container, andcapable of being moved forwardly to extrude dirt from the main dirtcontainer; a raisable apron, carried by the main dirt container, andadapted when lowered to prevent forward spillage of dirt from the maindirt container; means to raise the free end of the main dirt container,and thereby the blade; and means to move the dumping element forwardly,so as to cause it to extrude dirt; the combination therewith of:apron-opening means, operatively connecting the dumping element to theapron in such manner that thereby the forward moving of the dumpingelement to extrude dirt will raise the apron; and distinct apron-openingmeans, comprising an element carried by the apron and a cooperatingelement supported by the ground supports a substantially fixed distanceabove the ground, whereby the engagement of these two elements willraise the apron relative to the main dirt container whenever the freeend of the main dirt container is lowered.

2. A scraper according to claim 1, further characterized by the factthat the element supported by the supports at a substantially fixeddistance above the ground comprises a substantially horizontal bar,supported by both ground supports.

3. A scraper according to claim 1, further characterized by the factthat the element supported by the supports at a substantially fixeddistance above the ground comprises a substantially horizontal bar,supported by both ground supports; and that the apron-carried elementwhich engages it is a roller, carried by a hooked bracket on the apron,which bracket overhangs the side of the main dirt container.

4. A scraper according to claim 1, further characterized by the factthat the element supported by the supports at a substantially fixeddistance above the ground comprises a substantially horizontal bar,pivotally supported by and adjacent to one ground support, and restingon a slide supported by and adjacent to the other ground support.

5. A scraper according to claim 1, further characterized by the factthat it is the rear ground support which pivotally supports one end ofthe main dirt container; that the front ground support carries, rigidtherewith, two rearwardly extending arms pivoted to the sides of themain dirt container; and that the second apron-opening means comprisessaid arms plus elements carried by the apron and engaging said arms.

6. A scraper according to claim 1, further characterized by the factthat it is the rear ground support which pivotally supports one end ofthe main dirt container; that the front ground support carries, rigidtherewith, two rearwardly extending arms pivoted to the sides of themain dirt container; and that the second apron-opening means comprisessaid arms plus rollers carried by hooked brackets on the apron, whichbrackets overhang the sides of the main dirt container.

'7. A scraper according to claim 1, further characterized by the factthat the first actuating means comprises: a tension member, and means totake up slack in said member Whenever the apron is raised by the secondactuating means.

8. A scraper according to claim 1, further characterized by the factthat the first actuating means comprises: a rope attached to the dumpingelement; a rope attached to the apron; and a spring connecting the tworopes.

ROGER SHERMAN HOAR.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,301,158 Daniels Nov. 3, 19422,361,914 Brodersen Nov. 7, 1944

